Война и мир

Chapter 1

           InproportiontothedefeatoftheAustrianarmyAustrialosesitsrights,andtherightsandthestrengthofFranceincrease.ThevictoriesoftheFrenchatJenaandAuerstädtdestroytheindependentexistenceofPrussia.

           Butthen,in1812,theFrenchgainavictorynearMoscow.Moscowistakenandafterthat,withnofurtherbattles,itisnotRussiathatceasestoexist,buttheFrencharmyofsixhundredthousand,andthenNapoleonicFranceitself.Tostrainthefactstofittherulesofhistory:tosaythatthefieldofbattleatBorodinóremainedinthehandsoftheRussians,orthatafterMoscowtherewereotherbattlesthatdestroyedNapoleon’sarmy,isimpossible.

           AftertheFrenchvictoryatBorodinótherewasnogeneralengagementnoranythatwereatallserious,yettheFrencharmyceasedtoexist.Whatdoesthismean?IfitwereanexampletakenfromthehistoryofChina,wemightsaythatitwasnotanhistoricphenomenon(whichisthehistorians’usualexpedientwhenanythingdoesnotfittheirstandards);ifthematterconcernedsomebriefconflictinwhichonlyasmallnumberoftroopstookpart,wemighttreatitasanexception;butthiseventoccurredbeforeourfathers’eyes,andforthemitwasaquestionofthelifeordeathoftheirfatherland,andithappenedinthegreatestofallknownwars.

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