Война и мир

Chapter 1

           ButthoughIdonotknowwhatcausesthecoldwindstoblowwhentheoakbudsunfold,Icannotagreewiththepeasantsthattheunfoldingoftheoakbudsisthecauseofthecoldwind,fortheforceofthewindisbeyondtheinfluenceofthebuds.Iseeonlyacoincidenceofoccurrencessuchashappenswithallthephenomenaoflife,andIseethathowevermuchandhowevercarefullyIobservethehandsofthewatch,andthevalvesandwheelsoftheengine,andtheoak,Ishallnotdiscoverthecauseofthebellsringing,theenginemoving,orofthewindsofspring.TothatImustentirelychangemypointofviewandstudythelawsofthemovementofsteam,ofthebells,andofthewind.Historymustdothesame.Andattemptsinthisdirectionhavealreadybeenmade.

           Tostudythelawsofhistorywemustcompletelychangethesubjectofourobservation,mustleaveasidekings,ministers,andgenerals,andstudythecommon,infinitesimallysmallelementsbywhichthemassesaremoved.Noonecansayinhowfaritispossibleformantoadvanceinthiswaytowardanunderstandingofthelawsofhistory;butitisevidentthatonlyalongthatpathdoesthepossibilityofdiscoveringthelawsofhistorylie,andthatasyetnotamillionthpartasmuchmentalefforthasbeenappliedinthisdirectionbyhistoriansashasbeendevotedtodescribingtheactionsofvariouskings,commanders,andministersandpropoundingthehistorians’ownreflectionsconcerningtheseactions.

           

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